README file
Data Set Title: Raw Data on Propranolol in Pig Plasma

Data Set Authors: 
Anisa Bardhi (Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia 40064, Italy), ORCID (0000-0002-2012-2852); Domenico Ventrella (Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia 40064, Italy; Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), University of Bologna, Bologna Italy), ORCID (0000-0002-9330-979X); Alberto Elmi (Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa 56124, Italy) ORCID (0000-0002-7827-5034); Ronette Gehring (Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands), ORCID (0000-0002-1329-201X); Davide Martelli (Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy), ORCID (0000-0001-6523-9598); Ilaria Troisio (Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia 40064, Italy), ORCID (0000-0002-8092-2093); Maria Laura Bacci (Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia 40064, Italy; Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), University of Bologna, Bologna Italy), ORCID (0000-0001-6702-5868); Andrea Barbarossa (Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia 40064, Italy; Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), University of Bologna, Bologna Italy), ORCID (0000-0002-7742-4229);

Data Set Contact Person: Andrea Barbarossa (Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia 40064, Italy; Health Science and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI-SDV), University of Bologna, Bologna Italy), ORCID (0000-0002-7742-4229); Email address: andrea.barbarossa@unibo.it 

Data Set License: this data set is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Publication Year: 2025

Data set Contents
The dataset includes:
•	1 README file in .rtf format: “Raw-Data-on-Propranolol-in-Pig-Plasma.rtf”

•	1 tabular quantitative file saved in .csv format 
o	“Raw-Data-on-Propranolol-in-Pig-Plasma.csv” 
Data are organized in a clear spreadsheet format. 
The sheet includes columns for Subject (pigs 1–5), Time (hours), Administration Day (1–3), and the measured propranolol concentration (ng/mL) in pig plasma, determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis.

Data set Documentation
Abstract
This dataset supports a study on the pharmacokinetics of propranolol in pig plasma. The study focused on the development and validation of a rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of propranolol and its metabolite, 4-hydroxypropranolol, in pig plasma and dried blood spots (DBS). The method demonstrated excellent linearity, accuracy, and precision, and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in pigs revealed the absence of 4-hydroxypropranolol, providing new insights into propranolol metabolism in this species.
Content of the files
The “Raw-Data-on-Propranolol-in-Pig-Plasma.csv” file contains the results of LC-MS/MS analyses from an in vivo study on the pharmacokinetics of propranolol in five pigs. The study was conducted between May 2022 and November 2024 at the Porcine Experimental Facility and the Laboratory of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Food Chemistry, Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, in Ozzano dell’Emilia. 
In the manuscript, these raw data were processed using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.5 (Certara, Princeton, NJ, USA) through non-compartmental analysis (NCA) to calculate the main pharmacokinetic parameters of propranolol in pigs (see the “Pharmacokinetic Data Analysis” section).

Methodologies and description of the study
This dataset originates from a pharmacokinetic (PK) study of propranolol in pigs, coupled with the development and validation of a novel LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of propranolol and its main metabolite, 4-hydroxypropranolol, in plasma and dried blood spots (DBS).
Animals and Ethical Approval: Five juvenile female pigs (4 months old, mean body weight 43 kg) were used. Animals were housed individually under standard conditions with environmental enrichment, fed a standard pellet diet, and had ad libitum access to water. All procedures were approved by the Italian Ministry of Health (Legislative Decree 26/2014, approval n° 594/2021-PR) and conducted in compliance with EU Directive 2010/63/EU and ARRIVE guidelines.
Drug Administration: Propranolol capsules were administered orally at 3 mg/kg, three times daily (q8h) using yogurt and/or biscuits to facilitate ingestion. Pigs were equipped with a central venous catheter (CVC) at least 3 days prior to dosing to allow repeated blood sampling.
Sample Collection: Blood samples were collected on days 1, 8, and 15 relative to dosing at multiple time points (-10, 10, 20, 40, 60, 120, 240, and 410 minutes). Plasma was separated by centrifugation and stored at -80 °C until analysis. DBS sampling was validated ex vivo but not performed in vivo.
LC-MS/MS Method Development and Validation: A rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed for propranolol and 4-hydroxypropranolol quantification. Plasma samples underwent protein precipitation with acetonitrile, whereas DBS samples were extracted with a water:acetonitrile solution. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a BEH C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) at 40 °C with a 4-minute gradient. The method was fully validated in plasma and DBS for selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, matrix effect, recovery, carry-over, and stability, following EMA ICH M10 guidelines.
Pharmacokinetic Analysis: Non-compartmental analysis (NCA) was performed using Phoenix WinNonlin 8.5 (Certara, Princeton, NJ, USA). PK parameters including Cmax, Tmax, elimination half-life (T1/2), AUC0–t, AUC0–∞, apparent clearance (CL/F), volume of distribution (Vd), and mean residence time (MRT) were calculated.
This dataset provides a comprehensive resource for understanding propranolol pharmacokinetics in pigs and enables further translational and veterinary research using validated plasma and DBS analytical methods.

File specifics
The quantitative csv file was created with the following specifics:
•	Character set UTF-8, Field delimiter « ; » (semicolon)

List of variables 
All the variables included in the dataset are self-explanatory.