Direct evidence that late Neanderthal occupation precedes a technological shift in southwestern Italy (data templates and R script)

Menghi Sartorio, Jessica Cristina ; Bortolini, Eugenio ; Oxilia, Gregorio (2021) Direct evidence that late Neanderthal occupation precedes a technological shift in southwestern Italy (data templates and R script). University of Bologna. DOI 10.6092/unibo/amsacta/6724. [Dataset]
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Abstract

During the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition (50,000 and 40,000 years ago), interaction between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens varied across Europe. In southern Italy, the association between Homo sapiens fossils and non-Mousterian material culture, as well as the mode and tempo of Neanderthal demise, are still vividly debated. This work presents two lower deciduous molars uncovered at Roccia San Sebastiano (Mondragone-Caserta, Italy), stratigraphically associated with Mousterian (RSS1) and Uluzzian (RSS2) artefacts. Using virtual morphometric methods and supervised learning algorithms we show that RSS1, whose Mousterian context appears more recent than 44,800-44,230 cal BP, can be attributed to a Neanderthal, while RSS2, found in an Uluzzian context that we dated to 42,640-42,380 cal BP, is attributed to Homo sapiens. This site therefore yields the most recent direct evidence for a Neanderthal presence in southern Italy and confirms a later shift to Early Upper Palaeolithic technology in southwestern Italy compared to the earliest Uluzzian evidence at Grotta del Cavallo (Puglia, Italy).

Abstract
Tipologia del documento
Dataset
Autori
AutoreAffiliazioneORCID
Menghi Sartorio, Jessica CristinaUniversità di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Impresa “Mario Lucertini”, Via Cracovia 50, 00133 Roma, Italy0000-0001-9920-8378
Bortolini, EugenioUniversità di Bologna, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy0000-0001-6751-5680
Oxilia, GregorioUniversità di Bologna, Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy0000-0001-5412-0997
Parole chiave
Neanderthal; Deciduous human molars; Mediterranean Europe; Uluzzian; Virtual analysis; Supervised learning algorithms
Settori scientifico-disciplinari
DOI
Data di deposito
15 Lug 2021 13:22
Ultima modifica
15 Lug 2021 13:22
Nome del Progetto
SUCCESS - The earliest migration of Homo sapiens in Southern Europe: understanding the biocultural processes that define our uniqueness
Programma di finanziamento
EC - H2020
URI

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