Frascari, Dario ;
Pinelli, Davide ;
Zanaroli, Giulio
(2019)
MADFORWATER. WP2-Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies for agricultural reuse. Task2.2-Municipal wastewater and drainage canal water treatment. Subtask2.2.1.b1-Municipal wastewater, canalized aerobic/anoxic lagoons and Subtask2.2.2-Drainage canal water treatment by means of canalized facultative lagoons.
University of Bologna.
DOI
10.6092/unibo/amsacta/6268.
[Dataset]
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Abstract
In the Nile Delta, a complex network of canals collects drainage water from surface-irrigated fields, but also municipal wastewater. The goal of this work was to assess the technical, environmental and financial feasibility of the upgrade of a drainage canal (DC) into either an in-stream constructed wetland (ICW) or a canalized facultative lagoon (CFL), in order to produce a water re-usable in agriculture according to the Egyptian law. The model-based design of the proposed technologies was derived from field experimental data for the ICW and laboratory data for the CFL. Both technologies, integrated by a sedimentation pond and a disinfection canal, led to the attainment of the water quality standards imposed by Egyptian Law 92/2013 for the reuse of drainage water. The life cycle assessment indicated that the proposed upgrade of an existing DC resulted in a decrease of environmental burden for the ICW, or in an environmental impact equal to 0.3% of that of a traditional activated sludge process for the CFL. The cost/benefit analysis (CBA) was based on the assumptions that (i) farmers currently irrigate a non-food crop (cotton) with the low quality drainage water present in the DC, and (ii) thanks to the upgrade to a ICW or CFL, farmers will irrigate a food crop characterized by a higher market price (rice). The CBA indicated that the DC upgrade to an ICW represents an attractive investment, as it leads to a financial rate of return > 10% over a wide range of cotton market prices. Conversely, the upgrade to a CFL is less attractive due to high investment costs. In conclusion, the upgrade of DCs to ICWs appears a promising option for the treatment of drainage canal water in the Nile Delta, thanks to the high pollutant removal performances, low cost and negligible environmental burden.
Abstract
In the Nile Delta, a complex network of canals collects drainage water from surface-irrigated fields, but also municipal wastewater. The goal of this work was to assess the technical, environmental and financial feasibility of the upgrade of a drainage canal (DC) into either an in-stream constructed wetland (ICW) or a canalized facultative lagoon (CFL), in order to produce a water re-usable in agriculture according to the Egyptian law. The model-based design of the proposed technologies was derived from field experimental data for the ICW and laboratory data for the CFL. Both technologies, integrated by a sedimentation pond and a disinfection canal, led to the attainment of the water quality standards imposed by Egyptian Law 92/2013 for the reuse of drainage water. The life cycle assessment indicated that the proposed upgrade of an existing DC resulted in a decrease of environmental burden for the ICW, or in an environmental impact equal to 0.3% of that of a traditional activated sludge process for the CFL. The cost/benefit analysis (CBA) was based on the assumptions that (i) farmers currently irrigate a non-food crop (cotton) with the low quality drainage water present in the DC, and (ii) thanks to the upgrade to a ICW or CFL, farmers will irrigate a food crop characterized by a higher market price (rice). The CBA indicated that the DC upgrade to an ICW represents an attractive investment, as it leads to a financial rate of return > 10% over a wide range of cotton market prices. Conversely, the upgrade to a CFL is less attractive due to high investment costs. In conclusion, the upgrade of DCs to ICWs appears a promising option for the treatment of drainage canal water in the Nile Delta, thanks to the high pollutant removal performances, low cost and negligible environmental burden.
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Dataset
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Keywords
drainage and municipal wastewater, constructed wetlands, facultative lagoons, life cycle assessment, cost benefit analysis
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DOI
Contributors
Deposit date
07 Nov 2019 10:43
Last modified
10 Apr 2020 14:54
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Project name
Funding program
EC - H2020
URI
Other metadata
Document type
Dataset
Creators
Keywords
drainage and municipal wastewater, constructed wetlands, facultative lagoons, life cycle assessment, cost benefit analysis
Subjects
DOI
Contributors
Deposit date
07 Nov 2019 10:43
Last modified
10 Apr 2020 14:54
Related identifier
Project name
Funding program
EC - H2020
URI
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